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Discussion:
Students use logic and probability to predict which numbers come up most often when two dice are tossed.
Materials:
12" ruler
small chips or similar marker (12 per student)
2 dice
Procedure:
Pass out the rulers and chips. Tell your students that you have two dice and you are going to roll them 12 times. Ask them to guess which numbers will turn up and to mark those numbers on their rulers. (They may mark a number more than once.)
After each roll, record the numbers as an equation on the board. For example: "3+5=8," "1+6=7." Ask your students to remove their corresponding markers each time a number they guessed comes up. At the end of the 12 rolls, ask if anyone cleared their ruler.
Look at the results on the board. How many times did the number one come up? (Zero times.) Which totals came up the most frequently? Why?
It is impossible to get 1, and less likely to roll 2 or 12.